Sudan and conflicts zones.

Sudan and conflicts zones.

Wednesday, 15 May 2013

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Soldati ciadiani attraversano in Darfur voce alle posizioni dei ribelli: JEM




14 Mag 2013 (LONDRA) - Il movimento Giustizia e Uguaglianza (JEM) ha detto truppe del Ciad hanno attraversato il confine con il Darfur e ha avvertito il presidente Idriss Deby dalle conseguenze del suo coinvolgimento nel conflitto sudanese.



Soldati ciadiani reggono le loro armi come tifare accanto a carri armati e veicoli militari in vista della loro diffusione in Mali, il 30 gennaio 2013. (Foto Reuters / Alain Amontchi)

JEM portavoce Gibreel Adam Bilal ha detto Sudan Tribune che i soldati ciadiani hanno lasciato la loro base in Abéché il Lunedi e stanno ora dirigendo verso le posizioni dei combattenti JEM in Nord Darfur.

Egli ha invitato l'Unione Regno Missione nazione africana in Darfur (UNAMID), di tenere lontano queste truppe e costringerlo a tornare indietro in Ciad, avviso di conseguenze disastrose dovrebbe Ciad insistere nel continuare il suo approccio aggressivo.

"Se non lo fanno [ritirare] allora il Justice and Equality Movement è pronta a impegnarsi in una guerra con il Ciad, che complicare la sicurezza e la situazione umanitaria nel Darfur, più di quanto non lo sia già", dice Bilal.

Dopo l'uccisione del leader di una fazione dissidente Mohamed Bashar e il suo vice Suleiman Arko Domenica scorsa, il suo gruppo ha accusato JEM di attaccare il suo convoglio all'interno del territorio ciadiano. Ma i ribelli sudanesi hanno detto che si sono scontrati con le schegge all'interno Darfur.

Deby facilitato i colloqui di pace tra il gruppo dissidente e il governo sudanese. Le due parti hanno firmato un accordo di pace a Doha il 6 aprile.

D'altra parte, i rapporti tra il presidente del Ciad e JEM peggiorata da quando, tre anni fa, quando N'Djamena sbarrato l'ingresso di Khalil Ibrahim, nel maggio 2010, fine del leader del gruppo ribelle, e gli ha impedito di attraversare in Darfur.

Quando Ibrahim è stato ucciso nel dicembre 2011 dopo il suo ritorno dalla Libia diverse relazioni hanno speculato che i paesi stranieri sono stati coinvolti nel suo assassinio, ma JEM hanno rifiutato di accusare alcun lato.

Tuttavia, JEM portavoce ha accusato il Martedì il presidente del Ciad di prendere parte a questa operazione dicendo "Noi divulghiamo per la prima volta che Idriss Deby ha partecipato con il governo del Sudan e di altri partner regionali per l'assassinio del dottor Khalil".

Bilal ha aggiunto che hanno l'intelligenza che conferma che il presidente del Ciad progetta di assassinare i leader del Justice and Equality Movement e ha avvertito che sarà "tenere Idriss Deby responsabile per l'assassinio di uno dei leader del JEM nei prossimi giorni".

Il funzionario ribelle ulteriormente accusato Deby di essere coinvolti nei crimini di guerra commessi nella regione del Darfur, nel corso degli ultimi anni, sottolineando hanno testimonianze comprovanti questa accusa.

Egli ha inoltre promesso di lavorare con gli attivisti dei diritti umani per fornire tutte queste prove alla Corte penale internazionale.

Il presidente della Commissione dell'Unione Africana Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma ha condannato il Lunedi l'uccisione di Mohamed Bashar Chiamando come un "atto di codardia, volta a dissuadere l'attesa fuori gruppi in Darfur di partecipare al processo di pace."

JEM segretario politico, Suleiman Sandal, nel bilancio separato al Sudan Tribune sbattuto dichiarazioni Dlamini-Zuma dicendo che il corpo regionale doveva indagare sulle circostanze dell'incidente prima di rilasciare tali dichiarazioni "parziali".

Ha espresso JEM disponibilità a spiegare la sua posizione in merito alle condizioni di quest'ultimo.

Sandalo affermato che Bashar ei suoi combattenti tornarono dal Ciad dotata di veicoli e armi fornite dal presidente del Ciad per attaccarli.

Ha aggiunto che JEM combattenti respinsero un attacco portato dal gruppo scissionista all'interno del etrritory sudanese, insistendo sul fatto che Bashar e il suo vice sono stati uccisi durante gli scontri.

Per quanto riguarda gli altri membri del gruppo di Bashar che JEM detiene da Domenica, Sundal ha sottolineato che saranno giudicati da tribunali JEM.

"Non sono prigionieri di guerra, come si dice che sono membri del nostro movimento e saranno processati per tradimento e slealtà", ha aggiunto.

Sandalo sottolineato che i leader del gruppo scissionista erano stati arrestati in passato per aver tentato di assassinare il fondatore e il defunto leader Khalil Ibrahim, quando si era di essere in Libia, ma sono stati rilasciati dopo un perdono da parte del leader attuale Gibril Ibrahim.

(ST)

Monday, 13 May 2013

Darfur oh Darfur!!!

Darfur ex leader dei ribelli ucciso vicino zona di confine tra Sudan e Ciad


12 maggio 2013 (KHARTOUM) - Un ex ribelle del Darfur fazione annunciato di Domenica la morte del suo leader Mohamed Bashar e il suo vice Suleiman Arko dicendo che sono stati uccisi durante un attacco effettuato dal Movimento Giustizia e Uguaglianza (JEM), all'interno del territorio del Ciad vicino al confine con il Sudan.



Mohamed Bashar (ST)

Bashar, che è un leader di una fazione scissionista JEM, venne riacquistando Darfur dalla capitale del Ciad, prima di dirigersi verso Khartoum per avviare l'attuazione di un accordo di pace che ha firmato con il governo a Doha il 6 aprile.

Consigliere di Bashar, Nahar Osman, ha detto il Sudan Tribune dall'interno del territorio ciadiano nei pressi del luogo dell'incidente che oltre 30 veicoli ribelli hanno attaccato Bashar convoglio a Pamina, a 4 chilometri dalla frontiera comune tra i due paesi.

Ha aggiunto che Bashar e la sua delegazione non erano scortati da qualsiasi forza militare, solo un agente di sicurezza del Ciad lo accompagnava al confine con il Sudan.

Raggiunto per commentare queste accuse, JEM portavoce Gibreel Adam Bilal ha confermato le "scontri con gruppo Bashar", aggiungendo che i loro combattenti respinsero un attacco da parte del gruppo scissionista.

Bilal ha detto che le forze di Bashar attaccato una base del loro gruppo non lontano dal confine con il Ciad, ma un'altra forza di stazionamento in prossimità del luogo dell'attentato circondato gli assalitori e affrontato con loro.

Inoltre, JEM militare portavoce Badawi Musa Al-Sakin rilasciato una breve dichiarazione dicendo che il gruppo di Bashar sostenuto da ciadiani veicoli a quattro ruote e armi li ha attaccati all'interno di una zona che controllano in remoto Nord Darfur.

Sakin aggiunto che "disarmati" gli assalitori dalle loro armi e munizioni, ma non ha menzionato la morte del leader dissidente.

Nahar ha detto dieci persone sono state uccise durante l'attacco: "Abbiamo perso Bashar, Suleiman Arko e altri cinque membri sono stati uccisi anche un agente di sicurezza del Ciad e due guardiani di bestiame che si trovavano nei pressi del luogo dell'attentato.».

Arko è stato il vice presidente e ha guidato il team di negoziazione durante i colloqui di pace con il governo sudanese.

La sicurezza e di intelligence (Niss) hanno confermato in una dichiarazione rilasciata a Khartoum di Domenica l'uccisione dell'ex leader ribelle e il suo vice e il JEM accusati di voler rovesciare gli sforzi in corso per porre fine al conflitto di 10 anni.

La dichiarazione ha detto che i ribelli che hanno eseguito il "crimine terrorista" sono stati guidati da tre comandanti ribelli: Issa Al-Kuleib, Mahdi Hassab Allah, e Ibrahim Mahmoud.

Il governo del Ciad non ha ancora commentare l'accaduto.

Lo scorso aprile, JEM ha ucciso il vice comandante generale della fazione secessionista Saleh Moahmed Jarbo dopo gli scontri di due giorni nelle aree remote del Furawiyya nel Darfur settentrionale.

Nahar ha ribadito che il loro gruppo è impegnato nel processo di pace nonostante gli attacchi subiti dai loro ex compagni.

(ST)







Friday, 10 May 2013

AFRICAN POLITICAL AND SOCIAL PROBLEM.

Sudan Cautiously Welcomes Uganda Restriction on Terrorist groups


(KHARTOUM) – The Sudanese government has responded cautiously to a report carried by state media on Monday which claimed Uganda had banned anti-Khartoum rebels from meeting on its territory again.

Sudan’s official news agency SUNA quoted an informed source at the Ugandan external security apparatus as saying that rebel leaders were notified of the decision during a secret meeting.

Minni Minnawi and Abdel-Wahid Mohamed Nur, the leaders of two separate factions of the Sudan Liberation Movement – the SLM-MM and SLM-AW respectively, as well as Ayoub Mohamed of Darfur People’s Unity Movement were reportedly present at the meeting.

Sudanese foreign ministry spokesperson Abu-Bakr Al-Siddig Mohammed Al-Amin, expressed hope that the report is true, adding that Kampala has an obligation to refrain from backing rebel movements.

Al-Amin said that Uganda’s current chairmanship of the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region (ICGLR) and its membership in the African Union Peace and Security Council (AUPSC), as well as other international blocs, requires not only the banning of rebel groups from holding meetings but also denying them existence within Ugandan territory.

In 2011, the ICGR designated the Darfur rebel groups Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) and Sudan Liberation Movement (SLM) as negative forces that should be combated.

The Sudanese diplomat stressed that rebel meetings are held only to plan and prepare for acts of sabotage, aggression and targeting of civilians, noting the recent attacks by the Sudan Revolutionary Front (SRF) on areas in North and South Kordofan states.

“There is no objection on our part to establishing good and normal relations with Uganda. We have the desire and the will to do so and the Ugandan move [to ban rebel groups] serves in the same direction”, he said.



By ST, 1 day 12 hours ago

Sudan compiace Cautamente Uganda Restrizione sui gruppi terroristici

(KHARTOUM) - Il governo sudanese ha risposto con cautela a un servizio trasmesso dai media di Stato il Lunedi che ha rivendicato l'Uganda aveva vietato i ribelli anti-Khartoum di incontrare sul suo territorio nuovo.

Agenzia ufficiale SUNA del Sudan ha citato una fonte informata presso l'apparato di sicurezza esterna ugandese, come dire che i leader ribelli sono stati informati della decisione nel corso di un incontro segreto.

Minni Minnawi e Abdel-Wahid Mohamed Nur, i leader delle due fazioni distinte del Movimento di liberazione del Sudan - l'SLM-MM e rispettivamente SLM-AW, così come Mohamed Ayoub del Movimento dell'Unità Darfur popolare sarebbero stati presenti alla riunione.

Sudan del ministero degli Esteri portavoce Abu-Bakr Al-Siddig Mohammed Al-Amin, ha espresso la speranza che la relazione è vera, aggiungendo che Kampala ha l'obbligo di astenersi dal sostenere movimenti ribelli.

Al-Amin ha detto che l'attuale presidenza dell'Uganda della Conferenza internazionale sulla regione dei Grandi Laghi (ICGLR) e la sua appartenenza all'Unione africana del Consiglio di pace e sicurezza (AUPSC), così come altri blocchi internazionali, richiede non solo la messa al bando dei gruppi ribelli dal tenere riunioni, ma anche negando loro esistenza nel territorio ugandese.

Nel 2011, il ICGR designato il Darfur gruppi ribelli Movimento Giustizia e Uguaglianza (JEM) e il Movimento di liberazione del Sudan (SLM) come forze negative che dovrebbero essere combattute.

Il diplomatico sudanese ha sottolineato che le riunioni dei ribelli si tengono solo per pianificare e preparare per atti di sabotaggio, aggressione e colpire civili, prendendo atto dei recenti attacchi da parte del Fronte rivoluzionario del Sudan (SRF) in aree del Nord e del Sud Kordofan stati.

"Non vi è alcuna obiezione da parte nostra di stabilire buone e normali relazioni con l'Uganda. Abbiamo il desiderio e la volontà di farlo e la mossa ugandese [di vietare i gruppi ribelli] serve nella stessa direzione ", ha detto.



Con ST, 1 giorno 12 ore fa

Prima donna medico in Sudan.





Khalda Zahir of Almorada Village: SSA Newsletter, Volume 17, Issue 1 - 1997

The following article is about the life of one of Unity High School's most important students and is taken from the website of the University of Pennsylvannia, African Studies Center.



Khalda Zahir of Almorada Village

(Amir & Caron Zahir)



I would like to introduce some women from Almorada. In doing so, by no means do I intend to undermine the contributions of other women in Almorada, or in other urban and rural areas of Sudan. Or, to claim those women were the only ones who had some contributions that are worth mentioning. Rather, I am simply trying to share with you some of the untold stories of the area I love and grew up in, through the eyes of those selected group of women. One of the first women I will like to introduce to you, is Khalda Zahir. Most probably, I will share with you more information about Khalda than about the other women, because of the shared family history. Khalda was born in Almorada in January 8, 1926. She was the first born child of Fatima Ajab Arbab and Zahir Surour Elsadati. Of course, at the time having the first born to be a babygirl, or having girls in general, was not something that a lot of families would be proud of. Notably, that was due to the prevalent sexist attitude. However, since her birth, her father was so determined to provide her with whatever opportunities in order to assist her in reaching her potential. In order to understand Khalda's upbringing, I believe it is important to touch on some of her father's personal history.



The late Zahir Elsadati (Born, September 2, 1898 and died, November 28, 1981) was an army officer. He was born in Omdurman to a migrant family from Dar Foor in Western Sudan after they settled in the area during the Mahdia. Moreover, he was born in the same day that his father died in the Battle of Karary, and he was brought up by his mother. That was a very important factor in his life, as he developed a deep respect for women and their ability to achieve and survive as he learned from his mother. He joined the army in 1910 as a wald (boy) footsoldier and developed through the ranks. As he stated, he was kicked out of Omdurman Alameeria School, because he plotted with some classmates and beat up the arrogant Egyptian geography teacher. At the time, that was considered an act of mutiny against the newly established colonial authority, regardless of the age of the perpetuators. They were arrested immediately and taken to Alzabtia, or police station. The mufatish (Distirct officer) immediately deemed them unsuitable for formal education, and therefore, the army was the only place that would be able to "teach" them. In addition, shortly after he joined the army, Zahir lost his mother, the only immediate family he had left, after most of the family members died before her in the Mahdia wars.



Although, Zahir did not have any opportunity to ever complete his formal education, he was determined to seek knowledge in every source he could find at the time. So, reading was his major interest. In particular, he was fascinated with history and politics, and he actively got involved in it through the secret activities of the White Brigades Society during the 1920's. Further, that fascination with knowledge, led him to develop a very strong relationship with one of the first Sudanese historians, Shiekh Mohamed Abed Alrahim who became his mentor. Mohamed Abed Alrahim was one of the Kataba of Alkhalifa Abdullahi and he took it on himself to document the history of Sudan as he has seen it or heard it. Furthermore, he had a huge home library that was made available for knowledge seekers. He also published "Omdurman Magazine", which was later became the training ground for a lot of Sudanese writers, journalists, and poets, such as Altijanie Yousif Basheer.



The fact that Zahir was denied the opportunity to complete his formal education, was the driving force that later made education and knowledge as some of his core values in life. Also, in that early age, he has learned and developed a very strong sense of right and wrong, and the importance of being an independent thinker, and being able to live with the consequences of his decisions, regardless of the severity of those consequences. Those circumstances of Zahir's upbringing, shaped up his tough personality and his core values. He also, made sure to pass these strong values to his daughter Khalda.



At the time, educating women was a relatively a new phenomenon, and as we all remember the struggle of uncle Babiker Badrie in trying to bring this issue to the forefront. The only school for girls at the time in Almorada, was Mad'ra'sat Bes'mila (Miss Miller's Primary School for Girls. Currently Almorada Primary School For Girls, which is located directly in front of Dar Alryadh in Shari'a Almorada). So, after Khalda completed her primary education, her father send her to Elersal'lia Junior High School, which was run by the English Church. The building of that school is currently occupied by Altijany Almahie's Psychiatric Hospital in Shari'a Alarba'een near Alseen'ia (the roundabout that was donated to the city by Alhadie Mursal the prominent businessman in 1960). She finished her junior high school years in 1940. That was quite an achievement for a young woman at the time. Particularly, because most young women used to be forced to quit school to wait for the future groom. Or, if they had some support from their family, they would go into teaching, or nursing. However, Khalda expressed her interest in going to high school after she was encouraged by some of her teachers to do so. The only high school for women in Sudan at the time, was the Unity High School, which was a private school that was run by the church, and it was solely reserved for teaching banat Alkho'wajat (the daughters of the "foreigners" the British, and the other communities of people of Greek, Armenian, Italian, Syrian, or Lebanese background.)



At the time, her father was with his army battalion in Southern Sudan. Khalda secured the support of her mother and her younger brother Anwar; however, there was no one else from her immediate, or the extended family that would dare to give her support. Subsequently, she wrote a letter to her father expressing her desire to go to high school, requesting the school fees, and his support. This whole process took some time from start to finish. However, in the neighborhood, it was quite a fiasco, everybody was talking about the fact that Khalda was going to be educated with banat Alkho'wajat. Some of the people had meetings after meetings in Nadi Alzubat (The Officers Club) to discuss the matter, and some people even started joking about it by saying "ha ha ...Zahir awiz yitall' betto mufattisha (Zahir wants his daughter to become a district officer) which was unthinkable even for a Sudanese male at the time. Some even send letters to her father in the South in order to influence his decision. Some suggested that she should abandon her effort to continue her education, and she should instead be a teacher, because, according to them, she was bit fasie'ha jiddan (a very outspoken girl)?



However, after thinking about the whole issue, her father send back to Almorada two letters. The first letter was to Khalda commending her on her decision, and the second letter was to her uncle Mohamed Ajab instructing him to accompany Khalda to the Unity High School in Khartoum and register her for the coming year. Needless to say, Khalda's uncle Mohamed was not please. He, nevertheless, reluctantly signed the registration forms as her guardian, paving the way for Khalda to start the application process. It was not that easy because in the Unity High School at the time there was no Sudanese girl among the Students, and it seems that the administration was not in a hurry to grant the final acceptance. Luckly for Khalda, she received a very unusual support form Ahmed Yousif Hashim, the prominent Sudanese journalist, who was the editor of one of the newspapers at the time, alSudan alJadeed (The New Sudan). It happen around the same time that Khalda was struggling with this issue, Ahmed Yousif Hashim was writing a series of articles about women education in Sudan, or the lack there of, and he mentioned that there was only one high school for girls in Sudan which was the Unity High School, and it had no Sudanese girls among its students. Shortly after that, Khalda received the acceptance from the school administration to start her high school in the following year.



Khalda continued her high school years achieving very good grades. Moreover, that was particularly challenging because, during those high school years, her father was away in Alkafra and Alalameen fighting with the Allied Forces in World War II. So, Khalda as she was the first born, and her brother Anwar as the second born, had to share the parental responsibility of their other younger brothers and sisters. However, and to the astonishment of the school administration, Khalda graduated from high school with very high grades in 1946. Some people in the school administration did not believe a Sudanese girl could achieve such a high academic standard. With those good grades Khalda could have gone to any school she chose. Khalda expressed her interest in going to university and study medicine!! When she made her preference known, another battle started.



At the time, Gordon Memorial College, which was later became the University of Khartoum, was not for everyone from the Sudanese people, especially women. The first battle Khalda had to fight was to secure the support of her family, and her father was very quick to encourage her to continue on with her education. Her father had already returned back from the front and he was living in Almorada. So, other family members and the rest of the elders in the neighborhood, did not bother to fight him on his decision. The second battle was around securing acceptance form the college. To their credit, some of the progressive teachers in the Unity High School, used Khalda's performance and the good grades as a spearhead to lobby the college administration to grant her acceptance to Gordon Memorial College School of Medicine in 1946. In being accepted, Khalda became the first Sudanese woman to ever enter the college and the medical school. That acceptance came just in time, for her father had already made plans to send her to Egypt if she was denied addmittance to the Medical School. The other obstacle that Khalda had to face, was to be able to coup with the college's timetable, and hectic schedule (from seven in the morning to sometimes late at night). At the time, the school had no residence for its female students, and there was no kubrie (bridge) between Omdurman and Khartoum where the college was located. Quickly, her father arranged for her to live with his life time friend, alAmeera'lai Hassan alzin, and his wife Fatima Mohamed Abed Alrahim the daughter of his mentor who lived in the army islag (barracks) in Almog'ran. The arrangement was that she would live with them during the week days and would go home in weekend. With this arrangement Khalda simultaneously had a new family. That relationship between the two families continued strongly until today.



1946 was also a turning point in Khalda's personal history. In addition to starting college, she also became very active in the political and social life in Almorada. As an early sign of developing her feminist consciousness, Khalda and two of her friends from the neighborhood Fatima Talib and Mahasin Abed Alaal founded Jam'ee'yat alfata'yat althaqa'fia (the Women Cultural Society) in order to promote women education and helping to empower young women to enrich their social lives. Around the same time, she also met a close friend of her brother Anwar by the name of Osman Mahjoub the older brother of Abed Alkhlik Mahjoub. (Abdel Khaliq Mahjoub, it is to be remebered, was the former Secretary General of the Sudanese Communist Party, who was executed by Nimeri in July 28, 1971). Subsequently, Osman introduced her to Dr. Abed Alwahab Zin Alabdeen. Later, in the same year, Osman Mahjoub and Dr. Abed Alwahab recruited Khalda to become a member of the alharaka alSudania Lel-taharror alWatani (Sudanese Movement For the Liberation of Sudan), which later became alJebha alMo'adia LelEsti'mar (The Front Against Colonization FAC), and eventually became the Sudanese Communist Party. In doing so, Khalda became the first Sudanese female to ever join a modern political organization.



Khalda continued her political activities both in college and in the neighborhood. In 1948, and due to the mounting pressure from Mutamar alKheriejien (The Graduates Congress), the colonial authority introduced the idea of establishing a Sudanese Legislative Assembly in order to ease that pressure; however, they reserved the right to appoint its members. A political battle started right away between the supporters and people who where against the colonial idea. alJebha alMo'adia LelEsti'mar (FAC) led that political battle, and that what is known now in history books as the "battle of the legislative Assembly". Nadi alKheriejien in Omdurman, became the battle ground, and a series of ndawat (workshops, forums, or meetings) were arranged. The party announced that it was going to introduce Khalda as one of key speakers against the colonial idea of the Legislative Assembly in one of the nadawat. At the time, the idea of having women attending a political forum was very unusual, and particularly having a rather young man as a speaker, was even stranger.



Everybody was very curious, and in the day of the nadwa, a large crowed had assembled in Nadi alKheriejien in a very hot afternoon. Although, a lot of people were skeptical, Khalda delivered a fiery speech that made the crowed shout slogans against the colonial authority. As consequence, Khalda was arrested immediately by the police, and she was taken from there to alzabttia (The Police Precinct), and that was her first arrest. Moreover, that was the first time ever for the Police to arrest a Sudanese woman for her political views. The news of her arrest travelled very fast in all Omdurman, and people started talking loudly about the fact that the Police arrested a "woman" for talking against the colonial authority. At the time, her father was in Bayt Itleet Prison Camp near Tel Aviv in Palestine, after he was taken as a prisoner of war in the War of 1948. So, her uncle Osman Mutwallie met with the Police to negotiate bail. For fear of public outcry, the Police was very quick to grant her bail that same night.



The second arrest was in 1950 during a student demonstration in the college campus. This time, her uncle made it very clear that she had to graduate first, before resuming any political activities. Indeed, for Khalda it was easy said than done. However, she managed to graduate from medical school in 1952, as the first Sudanese female medial doctor. 1952, was also another turning point in Khalda's personal life, as her long time friend and comrade Osman Mahjoub proposed to her. Again, that marriage proposal started another battle for Khalda; however, this time it had a very strong racial overtone. Osman Mahjoub's family were from the Shay'gee'ya tribe, and as I have stated earlier, Omdurman was sharply divided among racial lines. So, people from both families were dead against that proposed marriage. Large number of her family were against it because Osman was Shay'gee, and they wanted her to marry an officer or at least a son of an officer, preferably from the neighborhood, not a teacher like Osman. Whil Osman's family were against the marriage because, Khalda was Foora'wia sakit (a person from western Sudan and did not live up to their standards). Everybody had his or her agenda, and it would appear that there was no consideration at all for the feelings of the young couple. Again, her father who had a deep respect for Mahjoub Osman, the groom's father, met with Mahjoub and finalized the wedding plans, regardless of all of the opposition from members of the two families. None of Khalda's uncles attended the wedding, and a large number of Osman's family did not either, and also boycotted his father and his immediate family for years to come.



In 1952 Mahasin Abed Alaal, Fatima Talib and Khalda, recognized the need of establishing an umbrella organization to unite and promote women issues. Subsequently, they founded alEtihaad alNisaa'i alSudani (The Sudanese Women's Union), and Khalda was elected as the first president. Up to that time, for Khalda, it seemed that every single step she had taken in her life, such as what a lot of people take for granted today, was a major battle. She started her career as medical doctor after finishing her residency between Omdurman and Khartoum General Hospitals. In 1954, the young couple were transferred to Baher Algazal Province in Southern Sudan. Osman as a teacher in the newly established Rombaik High School, and Khalda as Medical Inspector for the province, responsible for supervising the medical assistants in all of the villages and the urban centers in the province.



Shortly after that Khalda and Osman started their new family; however, she continued to work while raising her young children. Through the years, and as a career woman, she had to deal with the pressures and the demands of the job, the sexist attitude of some of her colleagues, as well as, the demands of her large family (a father, a mother, a step mother, nine sisters and nine brothers). Also, the demands of her political and social activities, such as meetings, beyoot bekyat (funerals), sma'yat (celebration for newborn babies), and other social engagements. Visiting sick people in the neighborhood, in their homes, or in hospitals, was an expectation, simply because she was aldictora bet alhilla (the doctor from the neighborhood). Notwithstanding all of that, she never complained. As a matter of fact, she saw that as her duty to do. Khalda continued to work in the Sudanese Ministry of Health, refusing all other generous offers and lucrative jobs she has received from international and regional health organizations. In the mid 1970s she assisted in the establishment of Mujamma' Sihhat alAtfaal (Children's Community Health Center in Omdurman). It was located in an old building that used to be occupied by the administration of her old junior high school, alErsalia in the corner of Shari'a Alarba'een and Shari'a Alurda in Omdurman. Her last post she was the department head of Pediatrics with the Sudanese Ministry of Health. Khalda retired in the mid 1980's. She has four children (Ahmed, Khlid, Mariam, and Suad). Currently, she lives between England, Cairo and Sudan.